Introducing Message Intervals

Say hello to messaging that arrives when and how you want.

An iPhone lock screen with a scheduled message notification and options to send now, postpone, reschedule, edit, or delete
In today's world, we are more connected than ever, and can communicate in an instant from nearby or over vast distances. Our words travel over continents and across time zones to deliver information, share experiences, and touch those important to us.

But, what happens when the momentum of the day or other circumstances prevent you from connecting with someone when it matters most?

We need a way to communicate that adapts dynamically to our daily lives, and allows the conversation to happen naturally and conveniently for everyone.
The Need
product feature
created: May 17, 2021
for: designlab academy

Understanding our Users

The first step was to understand who people text most, when and why they send text messages, and what challenges they encounter.
A white circle containing a grouping of bitmoji faces
Who. Although texting connects nearly everyone today, research revealed that people text family, close friends, and co-workers most often. As a majority of those interviewed were Apple users, I chose to design this feature for iPhone.

What. The most common message types include shared experiences and stories, photos, life events, and business information or files. Users expressed a need to communicate when it was most convenient to them. In some cases, messages were forgotten or abandoned if they were not sent in the moment.

How. iPhones were found to be the device used most often for messaging, followed by iPads. Users shared that they are likely to leave message notifications on 24 hours/day in case of emergencies and will check notifications day or night, but may not respond during sleep hours if the message is not urgent. In some cases, message senders added a calendar event to remind them to send a message later if (s)he felt the timing was not ideal in the moment.
The Findings
Who, What, and How

Sketching Solutions

From the findings, it was clear the next step would be identifying the best solution which allowed users to control text delivery on their schedule.

This prompted a series of sketched solutions that sought to find the best placement within the Message app for this feature.
Apple's App Store Icon

Tray Icon Option

The tray option adds a new icon to the app tray to bring up an action sheet ofdelivery options.

A pencil drawing of iphone messaging and sheet screens
Apple's Send button icon

Send Button Option

The send button option adds a selection to the Send Effects screen. Pressing and holding the send icon opens this menu.

A pencil drawing of iphone messaging and send options screens
Apple's keyboard icon

Keyboard Option

The keyboard option adds an icon to the keyboard which brings up an action sheet of delivery options.

A pencil drawing of iphone messaging and keyboard screens
Apple's lasso icon with sparkles around it

Text Icon Option

The text icon option adds an icon inside the message field on the left. Tapping the icon opens this menu.

A pencil drawing of iphone messaging and sheet screens

Creating Context

To prepare for user testing, a mind map and task flows were created which explored typical text messaging scenarios and motivations for sending messages in greater detail.

Motivations Mind Map

This mind map explores the motivations people have for sending text messages, which include social, technological, physical, and geographical influences. The threads between points signify places where motivations cross over, revealing trends in user behavior that were important to consider.

For this feature, trends, social circles, functionality, accessibility, and tech savvy were a few main influencing factors in the solution.

A mind map diagram with arms that extend from the center and branch out into smaller branches to show connections between related ideas

Typical Task Flows

These task flows show the steps a person would take to schedule message delivery or save a draft.

Based on actual stories of those interviewed during discovery, two scenarios were created: a business scenario and a personal scenario. These flows demonstrate the likely actions taken and prompts needed to aid in completion of the task. 

These flows revealed that a minimum of 3 screens were needed to demonstrate the flow for user testing.

A flow chart showing the typical steps someone might take to send a scheduled text message

Interface Testing

From my sketches I created UI options for each scenario and asked users to select the Intervals placement that felt most natural.
Scenario One
Group one was provided a scenario of a Mom who wishes to send a birthday text to her daughter at the exact time she was born, but knows she will be in a meeting at that time. Instead, she opts to schedule a message delivery in advance with Message Intervals.

Participants were asked to choose from one of three placement options for the Message Intervals icon.
A series of 9 iPhone screens showing the the steps, icon locations, and through processes that go into a person's message scheduling process
Scenario Two
Group two was provided a scenario of business professional who needs to share critical information with his boss before a morning meeting, however he feels it is too late in the evening to reach out. Instead, he saves a message draft and schedules a reminder to send it in the morning with Message Intervals.

Participants were asked to choose from one of three placement options for the Message Intervals icon.

A series of 12 iPhone screens showing the the steps, icon locations, and through processes that go into a person's message draft  process
Option A, the text icon option, proved to be the most favored solution in each scenario.
What. The new icon received many more votes than the option to add a new effect to the existing send icon.

Where. Despite options A and B being nearly tied, many participants also expressed the need for a visible cue which clearly distinguished delivery options from other message options.

Why. Ultimately, option A was chosen due to the highest number of votes and qualitative feedback that a separate, new icon made options more apparent and improved accessibility.
The Findings
What, Where, and Why

Usability Testing & Iterations

I created a test flow in greater detail to observe responses from participants as they interacted with the design throughout each step. Based on the findings, I made tweaks that gave users greater flexibility, more options, and easier navigation.
Apple's clock icon

Message Intervals Icon

The Intervals icon allowed users to schedule delivery or save a draft of a message to review at a later time.

The original icon was simplified to promote visibility and recognition, and help users easily identify what it might do.

Original Intervals Icon

The original icon displayed a chat message bubble with a clock nested inside of it.

An iPhone screen in showing a text message and the location of a new icon for scheduling a message iteration

Revised Intervals Icon

Users reported difficulty identifying the original icon. A simple clock proved easier to see.

An iPhone screen in showing a text message and the location of a revised icon for scheduling a message iteration
Apple's message icon

Message Actions

When the Intervals icon is selected, an action sheet appears, offering options to schedule delivery or save a draft. Scheduled deliveries happen automatically at the time selected. For drafts, users have the option to save and schedule a reminder to complete it at a later time.

Original Action Sheet

The original action sheet displayed a purple icon and X to exit. Swipe down was used to return to the message.

An iPhone screen showing an action sheet where messages can be scheduled for delivery

New Action Sheet

Users reported difficulty with actions on this screen. Cancel and Done buttons proved clearer than icons.

An iPhone screen showing a revised action sheet where messages can be scheduled for delivery
Apple's message send icon with a small clock in the upper right corner

Message Delivery

When Intervals are scheduled, the Intervals icon will turn blue. The send button will also display an arrow with a clock to confirm. Once sent, the screen will darken and a confirmation will appear at the top of the chat window. Intervals can be edited from this location until delivered.

Original Message Delivery

The original message Interval pushed into the text field and remained purple until delivered. Users were unclear where to find Intervals within the chat string after sending.

An iPhone screen showing a message screen with a scheduled message in a purple chat bubble that has been sent

New Message Delivery

A separate, sticky header proved a solution by allowing users to find, edit, and delete Intervals as needed within the chat string.

An iPhone showing a greyed-out message screen with a bar at the top in white displaying a delivery notification for a scheduled message
Apple's clock icon

Intervals Editing

When an Interval is rescheduled, postponed, or deleted, a confirmation message will appear at the top of the chat window. From this location, it can still be removed or edited.

Postpone Delivery Option

Based on feedback, a Postpone option was added to allow users to pause delivery with one click.

When selected, the message saves and can be edited within the message string at any time.

Two iPhone screens side by side: One shows a message screen with a notification bar at the top stating a scheduled message has been postponed; one showing a message screen with an options menu to send now, reschedule, edit, or delete a postponed message
Apple's notifications icon

Intervals Notifications

When the scheduled delivery time is near, users will receive a notification with options to send, postpone, reschedule, edit, or delete messages.

Message Send Notifications

A lock screen notification and in-Message options were added to the final design based on the action items users requested most.

Options include Send Now, Postpone, Reschedule, Edit, and Delete.

Two iPhone screens side by side- a lock screen with a scheduled message notification and a message screen with menu options to delete or exit the deleting of the message

The Final Design

Intervals gives you flexible text message delivery on your schedule, ensuring all your messages arrive at just the right moment.

Conclusion

It is imperative to keep our interactions friction-free.

The way we communicate through our devices is much the same as we communicate in person.

There must be understanding; the correct tone and language must be used; and communication must happen at the right time in the right context.

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Thank you for following along. I hope you enjoyed this journey as much as I did!

Let's create something amazing.

I am currently pursuing new opportunities and would love to meet you!  Drop a line to find out what we can accomplish together.

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